POST GRADUATE PROGRAMMES OF
THE
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LIST OF APPROVED SUPERVISORS
PROFESSORS
*C.C. Nwosu, B.Sc. Animal Breeding and Genetics (Calif.) M.Sc (Calif.)
Dr. Landwirt (Giessen)
*G.C. Okeke, B.Sc. (Nig), M.Sc. Nutrition and Biochemistry
Ph.D. (Guelph)
A.G. Ezekwe, B. Agric. Reproductive Physiology
(Animal Sci.), M.Sc. Ph.D (Nig).
S.O.C. Ugwu, B. Agric. Reproductive Physiology
(Animal Sci.) M.Sc. Ph.D. (Nig).
READER
A.E. Onyimonyi , B. Agric. (Animal Sci.), Nutrition and Biochemistry
M.Sc, Ph.D. (Nig)
SENIOR LECTURERS
A.O.Ani; B.Sc.(Hons) Zoology(Maiduguri), Nutrition and Biochemistry
M.Sc. Ph.D (Nig).
H.N. Ndofor-Foleng(Mrs), B.Sc.(Hons) Animal Breeding and Genetics
Zoology, M.Sc. Ph.D. (Nig).
N.S.Machebe, B. Agric. (Animal Sci.), Reproductive Physiology
M.Sc, Ph.D (Nig.)
*Contract Staff
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAMMES
Postgraduate studies and research in the Department of Animal Science lead to the award of Postgraduate Diploma in Animal Production, while M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees are awarded in the areas of breeding and genetics, nutrition and biochemistry, animal production, reproductive physiology and feed formulation and feedmill management.
GENERAL PHILOSOPHY
The animal industry in Nigeria has many challenges which must be addressed comprehensively if Nigeria is to assume her rightful position in the global livestock industry. The postgraduate programmes of the Department of Animal Science are therefore designed to address these challenges which are militating against increased and sustainable animal production. Thus, the postgraduate programmes of the Department are carefully structured to provide rich theoretical and practical training required to be able to operate nationally and internationally in all aspects of animal production. The programmes have considerable flexibility that allows the enrolment of candidates with varying educational backgrounds and job expectations.
POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA PROGRAMME
PHILOSOPHY
The postgraduate diploma programme is designed to upgrade the theoretical and practical knowledge of animal science graduates with third class honours degree to enable them enroll for the master’s degree programme in the areas of animal breeding and genetics, nutrition and biochemistry, production, reproductive physiology and feed formulation and feedmill management. This will help them to be better equipped and balanced to take up the challenge of ensuring adequate animal protein supply and food security for the teaming Nigerian population. Postgraduate diploma candidates will run the programme by coursework and project.
OBJECTIVE
The broad objective of the programme is to prepare third class Graduates of Animal Science and equip them with the requisite knowledge to be able to undertake higher academic pursuits in Animal Science. Graduates will also be trained to sharpen their skills and competencies in practical aspects of animal husbandry and production.
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
Graduates of the University of Nigeria or other recognized universities who have obtained B. Agric degree with a third class honours (Animal Science) only of the University of Nigeria or of other recognized Universities and who have GPA not less than 2.00 on a 5-point scale or its equivalent. Candidates with a Bachelor of Science degree in Zoology from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka or other recognized universities may also be considered.
DURATION OF STUDY
Regular (Full-time): A minimum of 2 semesters
A maximum of 4 semesters
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE- COURSE OUTLINE
First Semester
Course No. Title Units
ANS 0641
ANS 0643 ANS 0645
|
General principles of Animal Production
Commercial Pig and Rabbit Production Intensive Sheep and Goat Production Total |
3
3 3 9 |
Second Semester
ANS 0642
ANS 0644 ANS 0646 ANS 0690
|
Beef and Dairy Cattle Management Decisions
Poultry Industry Field Work and Technology Application Project Report Total |
3
3 4 8 18 |
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA (PGD) COURSES
ANS 0641 General principle of Animal Production
Principles of genetics, nutrition and physiology in the breeding and production of livestock and poultry; farm records. (3 Units)
ANS 0642 Beef and Dairy Cattle Management Decisions
Status and characteristics of the beef and dairy industries; integration of principles of nutrition, lactation, breeding, herd health. Etc. into a total management programme to meet the needs of the beef and dairy industries. (2 Units)
ANS 0643 Commercial Pig and Rabbit Production
Status and characteristics of the pig and rabbit industries; application of principles of animal breeding, nutrition, application of principles of animal breeding, nutrition, physiology and economics to pig and rabbit production; considerations in developing a successful swine enterprise. (2 Units)
ANS 0644 Poultry Industry
Current practices and production systems with emphasis on management aspects egg, broiler and turkey production; integration of principles of genetics, nutrition, physiology, economics and health care into a total management package to meet the needs of the poultry industry. (2 Units)
ANS 0645 Intensive Sheep and Goat Production
Status and characteristics of the sheep and goats industries; application of principles of animal breeding, nutrition, physiology, management of sheep and goat breeding flocks; management and marketing of feedlot lambs and kids. (2 Units)
ANS 0646 Field work and Technology Applications
Field technology (practical) training along the following options: feeding, nutrition, breeding, physiology, husbandry (any two species) and project evaluation and management, to be supervised by staff. (4 Units)
ANS 0690 Project Report
Each postgraduate diploma student is required to submit a project report in one of the five option areas. (8 Units)
M.SC. PROGRAMME
PHILOSOPHY
Our philosophy is to train graduates with enhanced knowledge, skills and competence to operate with confidence in the national livestock industry. This will help boost production capacity of the nation thereby guaranteeing availability of livestock and poultry products to Nigerians on a sustainable basis.
OBJECTIVE
The broad objective of the programme is to equip graduates of animal science with the required knowledge and skills that will enable them to face the challenging task of making more animal protein available to Nigerians on a sustainable basis.
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
Graduates of the University of Nigeria or other recognized universities who have obtained the degree of bachelor – B. Agric. (Animal Science) only with at least a second class honours (lower division ) with GPA not less than 2.50 on a 5-point scale, or its equivalent. Also, candidates with third class honours in B. Agric. (Animal Science) and had successfully completed and obtained Postgraduate Diploma in Animal Science of the University of Nigeria or of other recognized Universities with at least a 3.50 GPA on a 5-point scale.
DURATION OF STUDY
Regular (Full-time): A minimum of 3 semesters
A maximum of 6 semesters
Part-time: A minimum of 5 semesters
A maximum of 7 semesters
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE- COURSE OUTLINE
Each student shall be required to take three compulsory courses in addition to those chosen in his/her area of specialization and in other relevant areas
- Compulsory Courses
First Semester
Course No. | Title | Units |
PGC 601 | Research methodology and application of ICT in research | 3 |
ANS 601 | National Policy and Problems of the Livestock and Poultry Industry | 1 |
Second Semester
Course No. | Title | Units |
ANS 690 | Project Report/Dissertation | 8/18 |
Core Courses
Breeding and Genetics
First Semester
ANS 611 | Evolution and Heredity | 2 | |
ANS 613 | Biochemical genetics | 2 | |
ANS 615 | Population genetics I | 2 | |
ANS 617 | Applied animal breeding | 3 |
Second Semester
ANS 612 | Avian and animal genetics | 2 | |
ANS 616 | Population genetics II | 2 | |
ANS 618 | Methodology in quantitative genetics and animal breeding research | 3 | |
Nutrition and Biochemistry
First Semester
ANS 621 | Advanced Nutritional biochemistry | 2 | |||||
ANS 623 | Mineral and vitamin nutrition | 2 | |||||
ANS 625 | Energy and bioenergetics | 2 | |||||
ANS 627 | Feeds and feeding | 2 | |||||
Second Semester
ANS 622 | Rumen physiology and metabolism | 2 | ||
ANS 624 | Protein and amino acid nutrition | 2 | ||
ANS 626 | Forage management and nutrition | 2 |
Feed formulation and feedmill management
First Semester
ANS 631 | Feed resources | 2 | |||
Second Semester
ANS 632 | Feedmill Technology and Management | 2 |
Animal Production
First Semester
ANS 641 | Managing Livestock Farms | 2 | ||
ANS 643 | Advanced Farm Management | 2 | ||
Second Semester
ANS 644 | Animal Behaviour | 2 |
Reproductive Physiology
First Semester
ANS 651 | Endocrinology of Reproduction | 3 | |||||
ANS 653 | Physiology of Reproduction in Female Animals | 2 | |||||
ANS 655 | Semen Technology | 3 | |||||
ANS 657 | Environmental Physiology | 2 | |||||
ANS 659 | Special Topics in Animal Reproduction | 1 | |||||
Second Semester
ANS 650 | General Endocrinology | 3 | ||
ANS 652 | Physiology of Reproduction in Male Animals | 2 | ||
ANS 654 | Avian Reproduction | 2 | ||
ANS 656 | Physiology of Lactation | 2 | ||
ANS 658 | Physiology of Growth | 3 |
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
PGC 601 Research methodology and application of ICT in research (3Units)
In-depth research work aimed at acquiring full knowledge and presentation in scholarly writing of the concepts, issues, trends in the definition and development of the study area from African and western perspectives. Major steps in research: selection of problem, literature review, design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, conclusions. Study of various research designs, historical, case studies, survey, descriptive, cross sectional, experimental etc. Analysis surveys and synthesis of conceptual and philosophical foundations of different disciplines. Identification of research problems and development of research questions and or hypotheses. Detailed treatment of methods of collecting relevant research data and the format for presenting research results (from designing the table of contents to referencing, bibliography and appendix). Data analysis and result presentation in different disciplines using appropriate analytical tools. Methods of project/ dissertation writing. Application of appropriate advanced ICT tools relevant in every discipline for data gathering, analysis and result presentation. Essentials of spread sheet, internet technology, internet search engines, statistical packages, precision and accuracy of estimates, principles of scientific research, concepts of hypothesis formulation and testing, organization of research and report writing ( 3 Units).
ANS 601 National Policy and Problems of the Livestock and Poultry Industry
Overview of the livestock and poultry industries in Nigeria; characteristics of the industries; government policies as they affect the livestock sub-sector of the economy (1 Unit).
ANS 611 Evolution and Heredity
Evolutionary theories; hereditary mechanisms that are bases for variation; biological communication between generations (2 Units).
ANS 612 Avian and Animal Genetics
Mode of inheritance of common traits in farm animals and their utilization in development of economically, aesthetically valuable individuals; development of a framework of theory for the study of the genetics of populations; recombination DNA and genetic engineering. (2 Units)
ANS 613 Biochemical genetics
Biochemical basis of gene action, mutation and protein synthesis; genetic control of metabolism (2 Units).
615 Population Genetics I
Genetic structure of populations and nature of differences; forces which change genetic composition, mean and variability; small populations and random drifts in breeding; rates of change in mean and variability; kinds of genetic variance. (2 Units)
ANS 616 Population Genetics II
Assortative mating based on phenotypic resemblance; inbreeding; heritability and genetic correlation; selection indexes; path coefficients; biometric relationships and mating systems. (2 Units)
ANS 617 Applied Animal Breeding (prereq.: ANS 531, ANS 612)
Application of quantitative genetic principles to animal breeding; breeding parameters, testing of animal performance, selection methods and breeding values; systems of breeding different farm animal species. (3 Units)
ANS 618 Methodology in Quantitative Genetics and Animal Breeding Research (Prereq.: ANS 531)
Linear models; statistical principles behind use of mixed models – least squares, maximum likelihood, breeding value prediction, BLUP, REML: variance components estimation; introduction to computers and computer programming. (3 Units)
ANS 621 Advanced Nutritional Biochemistry
Advanced treatment of biological processes; enzyme, vitamin, mineral, protein, amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism; integration of metabolic pathways; coenzyme, nucleic acids; control of cells and organisms; biochemical genetics, disorders of carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid, nucleic acid and porphyrin metabolism. (2 Units)
ANS 622 Rumen Physiology and Metabolism
Anatomy, phyloge\ly and biology of the rumen. Ruminant advantage – features, peculiarities and functions. Energy and protein metabolism and utilization in the ruminant. Feeding standards; rumen fistulation and in vitro techniques; rumen dysfunctions. (2 Units)
ANS 623 Mineral and Vitamin Nutrition
Classification, natural sources, functions, deficiency of the major and trace elements; physiological and nutritional aspects of mineral balance. Mineral requirements of farm animals; mineral inter- relationships, balance, ratios, complementarity, antagonism. Classification, sources, roles and deficiency symptoms of vitamins; vitamin requirements; vitamin-mineral interrelationships, premixes in livestock feeds. (2 Units)
ANS 624 Protein and Amino Acid Nutrition
Classification, properties, purification, hydrolysis and composition of proteins. Classification, identification, properties and separation of amino acids. The primary structure of proteins and nucleic acids. Protein quality (2 Units)
ANS 625 Energy and Bioenergetics
Basic principles of bioenergetics and thermodynamics; the free energy system. Energy terms and units; energy balance sheet of metabolism; energy cost of biosynthesis – lactation, lipogenesis and protein synthesis. High energy compounds. Energy partition and measures in livestock feeding. Energy content of feeds and energy requirements by farm animals. (2 Units)
ANS 626 Forage Management and Nutrition
Forage classification and production systems. Ruminant features and ruminant advantage. Dry season feeding programmes; forage preservation. Forage quality and utilization by ruminants. Animal and plant factors affecting preference. Ecological basis of range management. Range management methods and measures. The national herd, grazing calender and national feed security of grazing animals. Range degradation and regeneration. Forage analytical methods and metabolism studies (2 Units)
ANS 627 Feeds and Feeding
Voluntary feed intake and factors affecting it in ruminants and non-ruminants; livestock feed sources, processing and storage. Feeding systems, feeding standards, nutrient requirements and ration formulation for all farm animals; metabolic disorders and control in livestock; quality evaluation and control in livestock diets; selected topics in animal nutrition. (2 Units)
ANS 631 Feed Resources
The exploitation of new feed resources – forest produce, residues, wastes, industrial effluent and by-products, animal manure; processing, detoxification, pelleting, brisquetting and extrusion of feed resources; waste recycling; feedstuff substitution (2 Units).
ANS 632 Feedmill Technology and Management
Feedmill machinery, layout, installation capacities and logistics; storage and stored products technology; mixing techniques, particle size, heat and humidity controls; moisture considerations; feedmill hygiene and maintenance; packaging and distribution (2 Units).
ANS 641 Managing Livestock Farms
Aspects of farm design and layout; housing, breeding, feeding and disease control; economics of production. (2 Units)
ANS 643 Advanced Farm Management
(Prereq.: ACE 502 – Production Economics and Farm Management) Principles and concepts of farm management, enterprise combination, and budgeting. Analysis of risks and uncertainties in agriculture, management tools for planning (2 Units).
ANS 644 Animal Behaviour
‘Principles of etiology; genetic, social, physiological bases of animal behaviour; systems of behaviour; physical environment and behaviour; behavioral patterns of farm animals and their practical applications; technique of measurement and evaluation of behaviour (2 Units).
ANS 650 General Endocrinology
The concept of homeostasis and its control; a general survey of the endocrine glands and their secretions. Biological, physiological and pharmacological effects of hormones. Methods ‘study of endocrine organs, unresolved problems and future trends. (3 Units)
ANS 651 Endocrinology of Reproduction
The hypothalamus, the pituitary and the pineal as endocrine organs of reproduction. The endocrinology of the ovary, the testes, the placenta and of pregnancy. Assay techniques and applications. (3 Units)
ANS 652 Physiology of Reproduction in Male Animals
Spermatogenesis and its control. Cycle of the seminiferous epithelium, the stages and the wave of spermato-genesis. Daily sperm production, and sperm output. Puberty in male animals; the epididymis and its functions; ejaculation and ejaculation control; libido; semen and semen composition. Spenn structure; capacitation and changes in spermatozoa in the male and female
reproductive tracts. Infertility in males. (2 Units)
ANS 653 Physiology of Reproduction in Female Animals
The ovary and the process of oogenesis. Puberty: the ovum and the Graafian follicle; the oestrous cycle and its control. Ovulation; ova transport in the female tract; fertilization; implantation, and pregnancy; pregnancy diagnosis; the structure and functions of the placenta. Signs of approaching parturition; parturition and its management. Measure of reproductive efficiency; infertility and its control. (2 Units)
ANS 654 Avian Reproduction
Semen of birds, their composition and fertility; male: female ratios, flock fertility and its maintenance. Oviposition and laying habits of birds; laying cycles. Circadian rhythms and laying cycles, the egg and its structure. Hormonal control of egg laying; hatching, hatchability and embryogenesis; comparative aspects of reproduction in birds. (2 Units)
ANS 655 Semen Technology
Screening of male animals for breeding; semen collection and evaluation techniques; semen diluents and their additives; processing liquid and frozen semen; insemination techniques; comparative aspects. (3 Units)
ANS 656 Physiology of Lactation
Biology of lactation; mammary gland structure and its development; hormonal and neural control of lactation. Mammary gland involution, milking rate and frequency; milk composition. Biochemistry of milk synthesis. Milk yield. Udder abnormalities – mastitis, etiology, control and management (2 Units).
ANS 657 Environmental Physiology
The tropical environment and animal production. Bioenergetics and thermoregulation. Adaptive mechanisms and animals in the tropics. Endocrinological basis of adaptation. Environmental control and environmental simulation. Stress and productivity (2 Units).
ANS 658 Physiology of Growth
Concept of growth. Foetal and postnatal growth, linear growth; measurement
Endocrine control of growth. Physiological time and equivalence of age; energy
muscle growth in different classes of stock. Aging (2 Units).
ANS 659 Special Topics in Animal Reproduction
Special topics and modem trends in animal reproduction. Selected topics on current trends in animal reproduction are discussed (1 Unit).
ANS 690 Project Report
Field research to be embodied in a report (8 Units).
Ph.D. PROGRAMME
PHILOSOPHY
Our philosophy for the PhD programme is to create a large pool of intellectuals that have been carefully trained and equipped with research skills and competencies to critically analyze issues as they affect animal agriculture nationally and internationally and be able to proffer solutions to current and emerging challenges in the livestock and poultry industry. Graduates of this programme are adequately mentored to provide research and academic leadership in all areas of animal production.
OBJECTIVE
The broad objective of the PhD programme is to train personnel that are fit to provide academic and research leadership in tertiary institutions nationally and internationally. Specifically, graduates of this programme are required to contribute significantly through research solving critical issues affecting animal production generally.
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
Candidates for Ph.D programme must have academic Master’s degree in relevant areas in Animal Science of the University of Nigeria or of other recognized Universities with a minimum CGPA of 3.0/4.0 or 3.5/5.0 or 60% and Project score not lower than 60% (B).
DURATION OF STUDY
- Duration of Doctoral programme( after Master’s degree)
Full-time: A minimum of 4 semesters
A maximum of 10 semesters
Part-time: A minimum of 6 semesters
A maximum of 12 semesters
- Duration of Master’s/Doctoral programme
Full-time: A minimum of 8 semesters
A maximum of 12 semesters
Part-time: A minimum of 10 semesters
A maximum of 14 semesters
The first two semesters of the Doctoral programme shall be devoted to course work and written examinations, the remaining sessions will be devoted to periodic seminars, and field research to be embodied in a Thesis.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE- COURSE OUTLINE
- ANIMAL NUTRITION AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Course No. | Title | Units | ||
ANS 721 | Nigerian Animal Feed Industry | 3 | ||
ANS 724 | Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition | 3 |
- ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS
Course No. | Title | Units | ||
ANS 730 | Advanced Statistics and Computer | 3 | ||
ANS 731 | Elements of Animal Bioinformatics | 2 |
- REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Course No. | Title | Units | |||
ANS 741 | Application of Biotechnology in Animal Reproduction | 3 | |||
ANS 742 | Hatchery Operations | 3 | |||
- ANIMAL PRODUCTION
Course No. | Title | Units | |||
ANS 750 | Animal Waste Management | 3 | |||
ANS 751 | Climate Change and Animal Production | 3 | |||
- GENERAL
Course No. | Title | Units | ||||
PGC 701
ANS 780 |
|
Synopsis and Research grant writing
Special Seminar |
|
3
2 |
||
ANS 790 | Thesis | 18 | ||||
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
ANIMAL NUTRITION AND BIOCHEMISTRY
ANS 721 NIGERIAN ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY
History of Nigerian feed industry, Elements of a standard feed mill, Biosecurity in the feed industry, field tests for feed ingredients. Control of pests in the feed mill environment (3 Units)
ANS 724 RECENT ADVANCES IN ANIMAL NUTRITION
Concept of probiotics and prebiotics, place of antibiotics in the livestock industry.
Green meat production, Hazard Analysis and critical control points (HACCP) (3 Units).
ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS
ANS 730 APPLIED STATISTICS
Statistical packages in animal breeding – Harvey, DEREML, MTDFRML, SAS (3 Units).
ANS 731 ELEMENTS OF ANIMAL BIOINFORMATICS
Definition of bioinformatics. Introduction to biological database. Sequencing alignment, molecular phylogenetics (3 Units).
REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
ANS 741 APPLICATIONOF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN ANIMAL REPRODUCTION
Assessment of gamete quality, sexing of gametes, processing of gametes (ova and spermatozoa); superovulation and embryo recovery, in vitro fertilization (3 Units).
ANS 742 HATCHERY OPERATIONS
Handling of eggs, Grading of eggs, incubation and hatchery environment buildings and equipment, Biosafety, Handling of day old chicks (3 Units).
ANIMAL PRODUCTION
ANS 750 ANIMAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste from production houses; abattoir waste; Hazards from animal waste, Waste management value chain, biogas production, gas emissions from animal waste, and their control (3 Units).
ANS 751 CLIMATE CHANGE AND ANIMAL PRODUCTION
Effect of climate change on agriculture, impact of climate change on performance of farm animals in Africa, Effect of climate change on animal production, Impact of Climate Change on Animal Health, mitigation strategies for reducing the impact of climate change on farm animals (3 Units).
GENERAL
PGC 701: SYNOPSIS AND RESEARCH GRANT WRITING
Identification of types and nature of grant and grant writing; mining of grant application calls on the internet. Determining appropriate strategy for each grant application. Study various grant application structure and contents and writing of concept notes, detailed project description, budgeting and budget defence. Project justification, review of critical problems, principles of scientific research, concepts of hypothesis formulation and testing, aims and objectives, essentials of literature review, methodology, experimental design, SWOT analysis, work plan, budgeting, expected outcome, beneficiary, cost benefit analysis, overall contribution to society. Study of sample grant writings in various forms and writing of mock research and other grants. Identification of University of Nigeria synopsis structure and requirements (introduction , methodology and results). Determining the content of each subunit of the synopsis. Steps in the writing of the synopsis from project report/dissertation/thesis. Structural and language issues. Common errors in synopsis writing and how to avoid them. The role of the student and the supervisor in the production of the synopsis. Writing of mock synopsis (3 Units).
ANS 780: SPECIAL SEMINAR
Candidates are required to present a special seminar on any topic in their areas of specialization (2 Units).
ANS 790 THESIS
In addition to a comprehensive research leading to a thesis, the student shall give seminars on his research project proposal, on a special topic in his/her area of specialization, and on the finished research (18 Units).