Linguistics Dept PG Revised Programmes MA & PhD 2015 final

M.A. PROGRAMME

2015/2016

M.A LINGUISTICS

GENERAL INFORMATION
The Department of Linguistics, Igbo & Other Nigerian Languages introduces a revised postgraduate programme leading to M.A degrees in Linguistics.

1) Philosophy
The philosophy of the programme is to extend and expand graduate students’ general appreciation of the significance of language in human life in Nigeria and Africa through research, so as to enhance not only their oral and written competence and performance but also their analytical skills in the language enterprise.

2) Objectives
(i) This programme is designed to upgrade practical training to linguists, language and literary scholars. It is also designed to help scholars in other related disciplines such as Foreign Languages, Mass Communication, English & Literary Studies, Cultural Studies, etc who may require practical knowledge in linguistics and literary studies in their research. It is intended to develop highly competent, versatile and effective users of the students’ chosen language of study; further equip students with research and analytical skills to enable them pursue higher studies in linguistics, language studies, and literature; and get them to be more highly aware of the enormous potentialities of linguistic diversity and richness of Nigeria, Africa and the rest of the global community.

3) Scope
The programme covers current trends in linguistics, Igbo language and literary studies, as well as the teaching and learning of the Igbo language in post-primary and tertiary levels of education. It x-rays the study of language as a means of human communication, language as an exclusive preserve of man, the relationship between language and society, the centrality of language in the life of any society or nation, the multilingual character of the Nigerian society and the ideological dimensions of language planning, policies and implementation strategies.

4) Entry Requirements
The entry requirements for M.A degrees are as follows:
M.A. Entry Requirement for (M.A. Linguistics, M.A. Igbo Linguistics, M.A. Igbo Studies, and M.A. Translation Studies):
i.) All candidates must possess the minimum of five O’Level Credit Passes which must include target Language and the English Language
ii.) All candidates must possess a Bachelor’s degree in the target language with at least a Second Class Lower Division (GPA 2.7) from a recognized university. Mastery of additional African language will be of advantage. All candidates shall be subjected to a selection process

5) Mode of Study
The modes of study for the M.A programmes are as follows:
M.A Programme is by coursework to be examined in written papers together with research work to be presented in a dissertation.

6) Duration Programmes
i. Duration of Master’s Programme
a. Full-time: 2 Semesters years minimum and 6 Semesters years maximum.
b. Part-time: 4 Semesters years minimum and 10 Semesters years maximum.

7) Employment Opportunities
The Programme is designed to produce suitably qualified manpower needed to drive Nigeria’s national development process. To this effect, the programme is intended to produce teachers of linguistics, African languages and literatures, translators, interpreters, news/feature editors/publishers in publishing and printing organisations, print and electronic media houses, public relations officers, creative writers, cultural and information officers, lexicographers, language planners and engineers and ethnographers.

8) Areas of Specialization
The programme has three areas of specialization: Linguistics, Igbo language & literary studies, and translation studies. It lays emphasis on theoretical, methodological and practical issues in linguistics, language & literary studies, and translation studies with particular reference to the Nigerian and African societies.

STRESS AREAS
Linguistics                       1
Language                         2
Literature                        3
Culture                            4
Translation                    5
Project/Thesis              9
MASTERS OF ARTS (M.A.) PROGRAMMES

1. M. A. LINGUISTICS Credit Unit

1st Semester Courses (Core)                2

i. LIN 511: Phonetics & Phonology 2
ii. LIN 513: Advanced Morphology & Syntax 2
iii. LIN 515: Language in Society (Sociolinguistics) 2
iv. LIN 517: Field Methods and Linguistic Research 2
v. LIN 519: Effective Writing & Communication Skills 2

Elective Courses

i. LAN 537: Critical Theory 2
ii. LAN 531: Introduction to Oral Literature 2
12

2nd Semester Courses (Core)

i. LIN 512: Semantics 2
ii. LIN 514: Applied Linguistics 2
iii. LIN 516: Psycholinguistics 2
iv. LIN 518: Lexicography 2
v. LIN 522: Dialectology 2

Elective Courses

i. IGB 546: Modern Igbo Prose Fiction 2
ii. LIN 524: African Languages & Globalisation 2
LIN 590: M.A. Project 12
Dissertation Proposal 2
Dissertation 6
LIN 590: M.A. Project 8
TOTAL CREDIT UNITS

 

32

2. M. A. LINGUISTICS IN AFRICAN LANGUAGES (IGBO)

1st Semester Courses (Core) Credit unit
i. LIN 511: Phonetics & Phonology of Igbo 2
ii. LIN 513: Advanced Morphology & Syntax of Igbo 2
iii. LIN 515: Language in Society (Sociolinguistics) 2
iv. LIN 517: Field Methods & Linguistic Research 2
v. LIN 519: Effective Writing & Communication Skills 2

 

i. LAN 531: Introduction to Oral Literature 2
ii. LAN 539: Advanced Stylistics 2
12
2nd Semester Courses (Core)
i. LIN 512: Semantics 2
ii. LIN 514: Applied Linguistics 2
iii. LIN 516: Psycholinguistics 2
iv. LIN 518: Lexicography 2
v. LIN 522: Dialectology 2
Elective Courses
i. IGB 546: Modern Igbo Prose Fiction 2
ii. LIN 524: African Languages & Globalisation 2
12
2nd Semester Courses (Core)
LIN 590: M.A. Project
Dissertation Proposal 2
Dissertation 6
TOTAL CREDIT UNIT 32

 

3. M. A. LITERATURE (ORAL STRESS)

1st Semester Courses (Core)

i. LAN 531: Advanced Oral Literature 2
ii. LAN 533: Oral Literature in Africa 2
iii. LAN 539: Advanced Stylistics 2
iv. LAN 517: Field Methods & Linguistic Research 2
v. LAN 519: Effective Writing & Communication Skills 2
Elective Courses
i. LAN 537: Critical Theory 2
ii. LIN 515: Language in Society (Sociolinguistics) 2

 

2nd Semester Courses (Core)

i. IGB 532: Traditional Drama & Theatre 2
ii. IGB 534: Igbo Oral Poetry 2
iii. IGB 536: Igbo Rhetoric & Oratory 2
iv. IGB 546: Prosody 2
v. IGB 552: Igbo Folklore 2

Elective Courses

i. IGB 554: Igbo Dialects 2
ii. LAN 541: Narratology 2

12
LIN 590: M.A. Project
Dissertation Proposal 2
Dissertation 6
——— 8

TOTAL CREDIT UNITS 32

4. M. A. LITERATURE (WRITTEN STRESS)

1st Semester Courses (Core)

i. LAN 531: Advanced Written Literature 2
ii. LAN 537: Critical Theory 2
iii. LAN 539: Advanced Stylistics 2
iv. LAN 517: Research Methodology 2
v. LAN 519: Effective Writing & Communication Skills 2

Elective Courses

i. LAN 515: Language in Society (Sociolinguistics) 2
ii. LAN 541: Narratology 2
__
12
2nd Semester Courses (Core)

i. IGB 542: Modern Igbo Drama & Theatre 2
ii. IGB 544: Modern Igbo Poetry 2
iii. IGB 546: Modern Igbo Prose Fiction 2
iv. IGB 548: Orality & Literacy 2
v. IGB 552: Igbo Folklore 2

Elective Courses

i. IGB 554: Igbo Dialects 2
ii. LAN 556: Major Theories of Literature 2

12
LIN 590: M.A. Project
Dissertation Proposal 2
Dissertation 6
———- 8

TOTAL CREDIT UNITS 30

5. M. A. TRANSLATION

1st Semester Courses (Core)

i. LIN 517: Field Methods & Linguistic Research 2
ii. LIN 551: Translation Theory, Techniques & Processes 2
iii. LIN 553: General Translation 2
iv. LIN 555: Technical Translation 2
v. LIN 519: Effective Writing & Communication Skills 2

Elective Courses

i. LIN 557: Studies in English & Nigerian Languages 2
ii. LIN 561: Consecutive Interpreting 2
__
12
2nd Semester Courses (Core)

i. LIN 552: Languages & Current Affairs 2
ii. LIN 554: Terminology and Comparative Stylistics 2
iii. LIN 556: Comprehension & Re-Expression 2
iv. LIN 558: Translation in Electronic & Print Media 2
v. LIN 562: Translation and Forensic Linguistics 2

Elective Courses

i. LIN 515: Language in Society (Sociolinguistics) 2
ii. LIN 568: Simultaneous Interpreting 2

12
LIN 590: M.A. Project
Dissertation Proposal 2
Dissertation 6
———- 8

TOTAL CREDIT UNITS 32

COURSE DESCRIPTION

LIN 511: Phonetics and Phonology (2 Units)
This should cover the teaching of speech sounds and the various rules that govern their occurrence in Languages. Students should get practical knowledge of speech sounds pronunciation, phonological theories, and the application of these phonological theories in languages. Suprasegmental (prosodic) features will also be discussed.

LIN 511: Phonetics and Phonology of Igbo (2 Units)
The course entails teaching students the speech sounds that exist in Igbo as well as the phonological theories applicable to their occurrence. The prosodic features of the language are to be discussed.

LIN 512: Semantics (2 Units)
The course involves both systematic description of meaning and non-detailed consideration of some meaning theories. The course will focus on some essentials of word-level semantics as well as sentence-level semantics. In word-level descriptions of meaning, attention will be paid to organization of the vocabulary; semantics categories; and kinds of word meaning and word relationships, particularly opposition. In sentence-level semantics, emphasis will be paid to the phenomena of reference; presupposition/assertion; performative/constative speech acts; and scope.

LIN 513: Advanced Morphology & Syntax (2 Units)
The course x-rays the theoretical and methodological issues bordering on derivational and inflectional morphology, the three principal approaches to morphology – Word-based morphology (Word-and-Paradigm), Lexeme-based-Morphology (Item-and-Process), and Morpheme-based Morphology (Item-and-Arrangement). The theoretical developments in syntax cast in the mould of Chomskyan linguistics form the thrust of study in the second arm of the course.

LIN 514: Applied Linguistics (2 Units)
Seminar oriented, this course focuses on central issues and trends in Applied Linguistics in teaching. The application of theories in the field to the teaching of African languages as second/foreign languages is explored. Students deliver each week a 15-page seminar paper on selected research topics.

LIN 515: Language in society (Sociolinguistics) (2 Units)
The course treats such topics as varieties of language use, diglossic situations, distinction between language dialect and variety, language and culture, Sapir-Whorfian Linguistic Relativity, registers, sociolinguistic implications of language contact-bilingualism, code-switching borrowing, pidginization, creolization, language attitude, choice shift, maintenance, language loss/attrition, endangerment, language death, etc.
LIN 516: Psycholinguistics (2 Units)
A presentation of the various theories about the relationship between language and the mind; acquisition and learning; language, thinking and cognition; the biological basis of language; experimental techniques of psycholinguistics; and the relationship between linguistic behaviour, production and comprehension.

LIN 517: Field Methods & Research (2 Units)
Methodology of linguistics research and practical field methods including data collection, collation and the use of information from the field for the study of African languages and literature.

LIN 518: Lexicography (2 Units)
The course is designed, especially to expose students to linguistic tools and corpus data. The course explores and supports the collection and dictionary compilation, lexical information in defining lexicographic terms. The creation of orthographies and compilation of dictionary in the local linguistic situation should be emphasized.

LIN 519: Effective Writing and Communication Skills (2 Units)
This course exposes students to effective and correct use of language structures (phonological, morphological, lexical, syntactic, semantic) to achieve communication for academic purposes and everyday communicative events. It equips students with basic rules of the English language noting common errors and slips that are characteristics of the English language use in Nigeria.

LIN 522: Dialectology (2 Units)
The course is a study of the theory of dialectal variations and the practical application of the theory in the description of the linguistic spread of indigenous languages. The course also covers the influences of the standard languages on the speaking and writing of the dialects and vice versa; and also appraises the problems of dialects.
LIN 526: African Languages and Globalization (2 Units)
The course underscores the fate of African languages in an era of globalization, the corroding effect of English as language of globalization, the internet presence of African languages, the frightful prospect of global monolingualism driven by the imperialistic tendency of the English language, and the need to revalorize the African languages and reposition them for competitive advantage over other rising global languages.
IGB 531: Introduction to oral Literature
Overview of the discipline of oral literary scholarship focusing on the major theories and models in the field. Class seminar papers are expected to relate these theories and models to African Languages.

IGB 537: Critical Theory and the Study of Literature in African Languages
Critical survey of the major theories affecting advanced studies in literature from classical aesthetics, rhetoric and poetic through various extrinsic and intrinsic approaches (ideological, psycho-analytic, biographical, historiographic, stylistic, formalist, new critical, structuralist, etc) to poststructuralist approaches, (deconstruction, etc). Class seminar papers should relate theory to African texts.

LIN 551: Translation Theory, Techniques and Processes
Introduction translation theory, techniques and processes involved in the practice of the profession. Attention should be paid to sight translation and cross-cultural features pertinent to Nigerian Languages.
LIN 552: Language and Current Affairs
A series of lecture in English or in Nigerian constitution, parliamentary procedure, economics, Processes of development in Nigeria, international relations and international organizations material into the Nigerian languages. Attention should be drawn to current developments in these fields.
LIN 553: General Translation
A practical course involving he translation of texts of general character and in different language registers from a source language (English or a Nigerian Language) into the target language (a Nigerian language or English) based on an understanding of their structural, semantic and stylistic features. The course is designed to progress from simpler to more complex texts.
LIN 554: Terminology and Comparative Stylistics
Introduction to lexicological research and to the compilation and se of glossaries, study and use of conference terminology in the relevant language (i.e. Igbo). Introduction to comparative stylistics. Emphasis should be placed on application at the more advanced stage. Theory/practical).

LIN 555: Technical Translation
A practical course involving translation from a source language (English or Nigerian Language), into the target language (a Nigerian Language or English) or various texts of technical character covering among others, the following fields: agriculture, business and public administration, communication, culture, economics and finance, education, law, medicine and public health, politics, science and technology. The course is designed to progress from simpler to move complex texts.

LIN 556: Comprehension and Re-Expression
A practical course in comprehension and composition (re-expression) based on an understanding, analysis and summary of various types of oral and written texts in various registers. The course is designed to progress from simpler to more texts.

LIN 557: Studies in English and Nigerian Languages
Introduction to descriptive linguistics: Study of phonetics, phonology, grammar and lexis of the English language. Study of the phonetics, phonology, orthography, grammar, lexis, and dialectal variations in the relevant Nigerian languages (Igbo). Study of the features of Nigerian English. Attention should be paid to correct spelling and pronunciation (Theory/Practical).

LIN 559: Interpretation Theory and Techniques of Interpreting
Introduction to interpretation theory, practice, and the ethics of the profession. Different modes and techniques of interpreting; consecutive and simultaneous interpreting, including whispering and elbow interpreting. Conference procedure and practice. Note-taking for consecutive interpreting. Attention should be paid to the rituals of language use.

LIN 561: Consecutive Interpreting
Practice of consecutive interpreting from a source language (English or a Nigerian language) into the target language (a Nigerian language or English). The course is designed to progress from simpler to more advanced forms of consecutive interpreting. Attention should be paid to elbow interpreting at the advanced stage.
LIN 568: Simultaneous Interpreting
Practice of simultaneous interpreting from a source language (English or a Nigerian language) into the target language (a Nigerian language or English). The course is designed to progress from simpler to more advanced forms of consecutive interpreting. Attention should be paid to whispering at the advanced stage.

LIN 590: Project in Translation and Interpreting
Compilation of specialized glossaries. Translation of general or technical texts. Reports based in industrial attachment to relevant institutions (media houses, publishing companies, ministries, courts, hospitals etc.).

LIN 557: Studies in English and Nigerian Languages
Introduction to Descriptive linguistics: Study of the phonetics, phonology, grammar and lexis of the English Language. Study of the phonetics, phonology, orthogrsaphy, grammar, lexis, and dialectical variations in the relevant Nigerian language (i.e. Igbo). Study of the features of Nigerian English. Attention should be paid to correct spelling and pronunciation
UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA
FACULTY OF ARTS

DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS, IGBO & OTHER NIGERIAN LANGUAGES
Ph.D PROGRAMME

2015/2016

Ph.D in LINGUISTICS

GENERAL INFORMATION
The Department of Linguistics, Igbo & Other Nigerian Languages introduces a revised postgraduate programme leading to Ph.D degrees in Linguistics, Literature, and Igbo Studies

1) Philosophy
The philosophy of the programme is to enhance skills and give full practical training to doctoral students to enable them perform creditably in their selected areas of specialization. The course has been designed to provide further training in Linguistics and Igbo Studies to enable make original contributions to African linguistics linguistic and literary theories and method; and other applied aspects of language studies

2) Objectives
This programme is designed to upgrade practical training to linguists, language and literary scholars. It is also designed to help scholars in other related disciplines such as Foreign Languages, Mass Communication, English & Literary Studies, Cultural Studies, etc who may require practical knowledge in linguistics and literary studies in their research. It is intended to develop highly competent, versatile and effective users of the students’ chosen language of study; further equip students with research and analytical skills to enable them pursue higher studies in linguistics, language studies, and literature; and get them to be more highly aware of the enormous potentialities of linguistic diversity and richness of Nigeria, Africa and the rest of the global community.

3) Scope
The programme covers linguistics, Igbo language and literature, and translation studies as they relate to Nigerian and African societies.

4) Entry Requirements
The entry requirement for Ph.D degree is as follows: Graduates of the University of Nigeria or of other recognized Universities who have obtained the degree of Masters appropriate for the proposed areas of study with a minimum of 3.50 Grade Point Average on a 5-point scale or 3.00 on the old 4-point scale, provided that satisfactory research work formed part of Master’s degree.
5) Mode of Study
The Ph.D Programme is executed by coursework to be examined in written papers together with research work to be presented in a thesis.

6) Duration of Programme
Duration of Ph.D Programme
a. Full-time: 4 Semesters years minimum and 10 Semesters years maximum.
b. Part-time: 4 Semesters years minimum and 12 Semesters years maximum.

7) Employment Opportunities
The Programme is designed to produce suitably qualified manpower needed to drive Nigeria’s national development process. To this effect, the programme is intended to produce teachers of linguistics, African languages and literatures, translators, news/feature editors in publishing and printing organisations, print and electronic media houses, public relations officers, creative writers, cultural and information officers, and ethnographers.

8) Areas of Specialization
The programme has two areas of specialization: Linguistics, Igbo Language & Literary Studies. It lays emphasis on theoretical and practical issues in Linguistics and Igbo language and literary studies.

STRESS AREAS
Linguistics 1
Language 2
Literature 3
Project/Thesis 9
Ph.D. Programme in Linguistics

First Semester
Course code Course Titles Units Load
LIN 611 Advanced Studies in Phonetics & Phonology 2 Units
LIN 613 Current trends in sociolinguistic discourses 2 Units
LIN 615 Doctoral Seminar I 2 Units
LIN 619 Effective Writing & Communication Skills 2 Units
LIN 621 Philosophy of Language (Elective) 2 Units
Total 10 Units

Second Semester
LIN 612 Advanced Syntax & Semantics 2 Units
LIN 614 Issues in Applied Linguistics 2 Units
LIN 616 Doctoral Seminar II 2 Units
LIN 618 Current Developments in Linguistic Theories 2 Units
LIN 622 Thesis Proposal Defence 2 Units
LIN 690 Doctoral Thesis 10 Units
Total 30 Units

Ph.D Programme in Igbo and Literary Studies

First Semester
LAN 631 Aspects of Oral Performance 2 Units
LAN 633 Advanced Literary Criticism 2 Units
LAN 615 Doctoral Seminar I 2 Units
LAN 619 Effective Writing & Communication Skills 2 Units
LAN 621 Philosophy of Language 2 Units
Total 10 Units
Second Semester
LAN 632 Advanced Drama & Poetry 2 Units
LAN 634 Advanced Modern Fiction 2 Units
LAN 616 Doctoral Seminar II 2 Units
LAN 636 Comparative Literature 2 Units
LAN 622 Thesis Proposal Defence 2 Units
Total 10 Units
LAN 690 Doctoral Thesis 10 Units
Total 30 Units
COURSE DESCRIPTION

LIN 611: Advanced Studies in Phonetics & Phonology
This course should cover the current topics in phonetics particularly in relation to using phonetics to solve practical problems in the modern society. Such topics as acoustic phonetics, forensic phonetics and other current topics should be discussed. Modern phonological theories and their application to the analysis of languages are to be discussed.

LIN 613: Current trends in sociolinguistic Discourses
This course treats current theoretical and methodological discourses in areas of variation studies, language contact, interlinguistics, multilingualisure, language planning, ethnography of communication, critical discourse analysis and pragmatics.

LIN 614: Issues in Applied Linguistics,
This course covers the application of general linguistic theories, methodologies and descriptions to different spheres of life especially language teaching/learning, law, dictionary making, translation studies, ideological dimensions of language planning, policies and implementation strategies, bilingual/mother tongue education, etc.

LIN 618: Current Developments in Linguistic Theories
This course is designed to equip students with the state-of-the-art with regards to current developments in theories that account for the different levels of linguistic analysis-phonetics/phonology, morphology/syntax, semantics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, applied linguistics and historical, comparative linguistics.

LIN 619: Effective writing and communication skills
This course covers areas of effective writing for effective communication intended to remedy the shortcomings observed in students’ writing for general purposes especially for examination, seminars conferences and workshops. It touches on the communication skills such as listening, reading, speaking and writing.

LIN. 612: Advanced Syntax & semantics
The course is designed to expose students to a more detailed issues and theories of syntax. Such exposure should take students through the relevant diachronic and synchronic areas of syntax with more emphasis on contemporary syntactic issues and approaches that could cater for emerging languages of Africa. On the other hand, the semantic description should take a look at the analysis of meaning both at the lexical level and sentence level. The course should expose students to more detailed semantic categories, contemporary semantic theories and approaches sense relations at word and sentence levels and other relevant areas of semantics.

LIN. 621: Philosophy of Language.
The course is designed to examine in a more detailed form the interface between language and philosophy. It is expected to expose students to different philosophical thoughts about language. The course is also expected to examine the different diachronic and synchronic views of language, the place of language in human existence, culture and belief.

LAN 633: Advanced Literary Criticism
Literary criticism – what is it? Literary theory, criticism and history. The beginning of literary history in Igbo. Critics of Igbo literature. The dearth of literary critics in Igbo. Trends of literary criticism in the three genres of literature. The role of literary criticism in Igbo studies.

LAN 634: Advanced Modern Fiction
Modern fiction – What is it? Current events obtainable in our narratives. Search for themes. Search for new writers and books. Problems facing Igbo literature today. Great and minor fictionists of our fiction.

LAN 631: Aspects of Oral Performance
This course entails performance in oral poetry, performance in oral prose narrative, fieldwork – question technique, taping technique, transcription, and translation.

LAN 632: Advanced Drama and Poetry
Relativists and evolutionists theory of traditional drama in Africa, Late arrival of modern drama in Igbo, Inhibitions in staging a play. What is poetry? Composition and performance of poetry. Sources of inspiration for composition. Contexts and functions of poetry, content and forms of poetry.

LAN 636: Comparative Literature
Comparison should be based on Structure, Content and form, Context and performance, Language and style. Point out areas of similarities and differences.

LIN 690: Thesis
This involves the presentation of original research carried out by the student under the guidance of a supervisor not below the rank of a senior lecturer, and who must possess a Ph.D degree. (10 Units)

NAMES OF APPROVED SUPERVISORS for Ph.D

1. Prof. C.I. Ikekeonwu
2. Prof. G.I. Nwaozuzu
3. Prof. C.N. Okebalama
4. Prof. I.U. Nwadike
5. Prof. R.I. Okorji
6. Dr. (Mrs.) Joy Uguru (Ass. Prof.)
7. Dr. B.M. Mbah (Snr Lec.)
8. Dr. C.U. Agbedo (Snr Lec.)
9. Dr. E.E. Mbah (Snr Lec.)
10. Dr. E.S. Ikeokwu (Snr Lec.)

NAMES OF APPROVED SUPERVISORS for Ph.D and M.A

1. Prof. C.I. Ikekeonwu
2. Prof. G.I. Nwaozuzu
3. Prof. C.N. Okebalama
4. Prof. I.U. Nwadike
5. Prof. R.I. Okorji
6. Dr. (Mrs.) Joy Uguru (Ass. Prof.)
7. Dr. B.M. Mbah (Snr Lec.)
8. Dr. C.U. Agbedo (Snr Lec.)
9. Dr. E.E. Mbah (Snr Lec.)
10. Dr. E.S. Ikeokwu (Snr Lec.)
11. Dr. M.I. Iloene (Snr. Lec)
12. Dr. S.O. Babarinde (Snr Lec.)
13. Dr. C.N. Ugwuona (Lec. I)